Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome in Emergency Medicine Medication

1. Gasser WC, et al. Hamolytisch uramische syndrome: Bilaterale Nierenridennekrosen bei akuten erworbenen hamolytischen Anamien. Schweiz Med Wochenschr. 1955. 85:905.

2. Zhang K, Lu Y, Harley KT, Tran MH. Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome: A Brief Review. Hematol Rep. 2017 Jun 1. 9 (2):7053. [Medline]. [Full Text].

3. Zheng XL, Sadler JE. Pathogenesis of thrombotic microangiopathies. Annu Rev Pathol. 2008. 3:249-77. [Medline]. [Full Text].

4. Noris M, Remuzzi G. Hemolytic uremic syndrome. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2005 Apr. 16(4):1035-50. [Medline].

5. Scheiring J, Andreoli SP, Zimmerhackl LB. Treatment and outcome of Shiga-toxin-associated hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). Pediatr Nephrol. 2008 Oct. 23(10):1749-60. [Medline].

6. Ardissino G, Tel F, Possenti I, Testa S, Consonni D, Paglialonga F, et al. Early Volume Expansion and Outcomes of Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome. Pediatrics. 2016 Jan. 137 (1):2015-2153. [Medline].

7. Soliris (eculizumab) [package insert]. Cheshire, CT: Alexion Pharmaceutical. 2011.

8. Loirat C, Babu S, Furman R, Sheerin N, Cohen D, Gaber O, et al. Eculizumab Efficacy and Safety in Patients With Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (aHUS) Resistant to Plasma Exchange/Infusion [poster]. Presented at the 16th Congress of European Hematology Association (EHA). 2011. London, UK.

9. Loirat C, Muus P, Legendre C, Douglas K, Hourmant M, Delmas Y, et al. A Phase II Study of Eculizumab in Patients With Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome Receiving Chronic Plasma Exchange/Infusion [poster]. Presented at the 16th Congress of European Hematology Association (EHA). 2011. London, UK.

10. Pape L, Hartmann H, Bange FC, Suerbaum S, Bueltmann E, Ahlenstiel-Grunow T. Eculizumab in Typical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS) With Neurological Involvement. Medicine (Baltimore). 2015 Jun. 94 (24):e1000. [Medline]. [Full Text].

11. Santos AH Jr, Casey MJ, Wen X, Zendejas I, Faldu C, Rehman S, et al. Outcome of kidney transplants for adults with hemolytic uremic syndrome in the U.S.: a ten-year database analysis. Ann Transplant. 2014 Jul 21. 19:353-61. [Medline].

12. Ake JA, Jelacic S, Ciol MA, et al. Relative nephroprotection during Escherichia coli O157:H7 infections: association with intravenous volume expansion. Pediatrics. 2005 Jun. 115(6):e673-80. [Medline].

13. Bell BP, Griffin PM, Lozano P, Christie DL, Kobayashi JM, Tarr PI. Predictors of hemolytic uremic syndrome in children during a large outbreak of Escherichia coli O157:H7 infections. Pediatrics. 1997 Jul. 100(1):E12. [Medline].

14. Corrigan JJ Jr, Boineau FG. Hemolytic-uremic syndrome. Pediatr Rev. 2001 Nov. 22(11):365-9. [Medline].

15. Desch K, Motto D. Is there a shared pathophysiology for thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura and hemolytic-uremic syndrome?. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2007 Sep. 18(9):2457-60. [Medline].

16. Foerster J. Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome. Wintrobe's Clinical Hematology. 9th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 1993. 1215-19.

17. Garg AX, Suri RS, Barrowman N, et al. Long-term renal prognosis of diarrhea-associated hemolytic uremic syndrome: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression. JAMA. 2003 Sep 10. 290(10):1360-70. [Medline].

18. Gordjani N, Sutor AH, Zimmerhackl LB, Brandis M. Hemolytic uremic syndromes in childhood. Semin Thromb Hemost. 1997. 23(3):281-93. [Medline].

19. Gordon LI, Kwaan HC, Rossi EC. Deleterious effects of platelet transfusions and recovery thrombocytosis in patients with thrombotic microangiopathy. Semin Hematol. 1987 Jul. 24(3):194-201. [Medline].

20. Harkness DR, Byrnes JJ, Lian EC, Williams WD, Hensley GT. Hazard of platelet transfusion in thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. JAMA. 1981 Oct 23-30. 246(17):1931-3. [Medline].

21. Hayward CP, Sutton DM, Carter WH Jr, et al. Treatment outcomes in patients with adult thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura-hemolytic uremic syndrome. Arch Intern Med. 1994 May 9. 154(9):982-7. [Medline].

22. Hoffman. Hematology: Basic Principles and Practice. 3rd ed. New York, NY: Churchill Livingstone; 2000.

23. Kappler S, Ronan-Bentle S, Graham A. Thrombotic microangiopathies (TTP, HUS, HELLP). Emerg Med Clin North Am. 2014 Aug. 32(3):649-71. [Medline].

24. Landau D, Shalev H, Levy-Finer G, Polonsky A, Segev Y, Katchko L. Familial hemolytic uremic syndrome associated with complement factor H deficiency. J Pediatr. 2001 Mar. 138(3):412-7. [Medline].

25. Mannucci PM. Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura and the hemolytic uremic syndrome: much progress and many remaining issues. Haematologica. 2007 Jul. 92(7):878-80. [Medline].

26. Martin DL, MacDonald KL, White KE, Soler JT, Osterholm MT. The epidemiology and clinical aspects of the hemolytic uremic syndrome in Minnesota. N Engl J Med. 1990 Oct 25. 323(17):1161-7. [Medline].

27. Matsumae T, Takebayashi S, Naito S. The clinico-pathological characteristics and outcome in hemolytic-uremic syndrome of adults. Clin Nephrol. 1996 Mar. 45(3):153-62. [Medline].

28. Mbonu CC, Davison DL, El-Jazzar KM, Simon GL. Clostridium difficile colitis associated with hemolytic-uremic syndrome. Am J Kidney Dis. 2003 May. 41(5):E14. [Medline].

29. Miller JM Jr, Pastorek JG 2nd. Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura and hemolytic uremic syndrome in pregnancy. Clin Obstet Gynecol. 1991 Mar. 34(1):64-71. [Medline].

30. Niaudet P, Gagnadoux MF, Broyer M, Salomon R. Hemolytic-uremic syndrome: hereditary forms and forms associated with hereditary diseases. Adv Nephrol Necker Hosp. 2000. 30:261-80. [Medline].

31. Pene F, Vigneau C, Auburtin M, et al. Outcome of severe adult thrombotic microangiopathies in the intensive care unit. Intensive Care Med. 2005 Jan. 31(1):71-8. [Medline].

32. Razzaq S. Hemolytic uremic syndrome: an emerging health risk. Am Fam Physician. 2006 Sep 15. 74(6):991-6. [Medline].

33. Remuzzi G. Hemolytic uremic syndrome: past and present. Am J Kidney Dis. 2000 Nov. 36(5):LIV-VI. [Medline].

34. Remuzzi G, Ruggenenti P. The hemolytic uremic syndrome. Kidney Int. 1995 Jul. 48(1):2-19. [Medline].

35. Roberts JR. Streptococcal Pharyngitis. Emergency Medicine News. 2000.

36. Roberts JR. HUS and TTP Associated with Escherichia Coli 0157:H7. Emerg Med News. 2004.

37. Ruggenenti P, Remuzzi G. Treatment of adult hemolytic-uremic syndrome. Adv Nephrol Necker Hosp. 2000. 30:83-94. [Medline].

38. Safdar N, Said A, Gangnon RE, Maki DG. Risk of hemolytic uremic syndrome after antibiotic treatment of Escherichia coli O157:H7 enteritis: a meta-analysis. JAMA. 2002 Aug 28. 288(8):996-1001. [Medline].

39. Schieppati A, Ruggenenti P, Cornejo RP, et al. Renal function at hospital admission as a prognostic factor in adult hemolytic uremic syndrome. The Italian Registry of Haemolytic Uremic Syndrome. J Am Soc Nephrol. 1992 May. 2(11):1640-4. [Medline].

40. Sens YA, Miorin LA, Silva HG, Malheiros DM, Filho DM, Jabur P. Acute renal failure due to hemolytic uremic syndrome in adult patients. Ren Fail. 1997 Mar. 19(2):279-82. [Medline].

41. Siegler RL, Pavia AT, Hansen FL, Christofferson RD, Cook JB. Atypical hemolytic-uremic syndrome: a comparison with postdiarrheal disease. J Pediatr. 1996 Apr. 128(4):505-11. [Medline].

42. Tarr PI, Gordon CA, Chandler WL. Shiga-toxin-producing Escherichia coli and haemolytic uraemic syndrome. Lancet. 2005 Mar 19-25. 365(9464):1073-86. [Medline].

43. Tarr PI, Neill MA. Escherichia coli O157:H7. Gastroenterol Clin North Am. 2001 Sep. 30(3):735-51. [Medline].

44. Van Gool S, Brock P, Van Laer P, Van Damme-Lombaerts R, Proesmans W, Casteels-Van Daele M. Successful treatment of recurrent thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura with plasmapheresis and vincristine. Eur J Pediatr. 1994 Jul. 153(7):517-9. [Medline].

45. Vesely SK, George JN, Lammle B, et al. ADAMTS13 activity in thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura-hemolytic uremic syndrome: relation to presenting features and clinical outcomes in a prospective cohort of 142 patients. Blood. 2003 Jul 1. 102(1):60-8. [Medline].

46. Walters MD, Matthei IU, Kay R, Dillon MJ, Barratt TM. The polymorphonuclear leucocyte count in childhood haemolytic uraemic syndrome. Pediatr Nephrol. 1989 Apr. 3(2):130-4. [Medline].

47. Wegner DL, Witte DL, Schrantz RD. Insensitivity of rapid antigen detection methods and single blood agar plate culture for diagnosing streptococcal pharyngitis. JAMA. 1992 Feb 5. 267(5):695-7. [Medline].

48. Wong CS, Jelacic S, Habeeb RL, Watkins SL, Tarr PI. The risk of the hemolytic-uremic syndrome after antibiotic treatment of Escherichia coli O157:H7 infections. N Engl J Med. 2000 Jun 29. 342(26):1930-6. [Medline].

Audrey J Tan, DO Staff Physician, Department of Emergency Medicine, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Kings County Hospital Center

Audrey J Tan, DO is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Emergency Physicians, American Medical Association

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Mark A Silverberg, MD, MMB, FACEP Assistant Professor, Associate Residency Director, Department of Emergency Medicine, State University of New York Downstate College of Medicine; Consulting Staff, Department of Emergency Medicine, Staten Island University Hospital, Kings County Hospital, University Hospital, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center

Mark A Silverberg, MD, MMB, FACEP is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Emergency Physicians, American Medical Association, Council of Emergency Medicine Residency Directors, Society for Academic Emergency Medicine

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD Adjunct Assistant Professor, University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Pharmacy; Editor-in-Chief, Medscape Drug Reference

Disclosure: Received salary from Medscape for employment. for: Medscape.

Jeffrey L Arnold, MD, FACEP Chairman, Department of Emergency Medicine, Santa Clara Valley Medical Center

Jeffrey L Arnold, MD, FACEP is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Emergency Medicine, American College of Physicians

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Steven C Dronen, MD, FAAEM Chair, Department of Emergency Medicine, LeConte Medical Center

Steven C Dronen, MD, FAAEM is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Emergency Medicine, Society for Academic Emergency Medicine

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

William G Gossman, MD, FAAEM Associate Clinical Professor of Emergency Medicine, Creighton University School of Medicine; Chairman, Department of Emergency Medicine, Creighton University Medical Center

William G Gossman, MD, FAAEM is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Emergency Medicine

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

The authors and editors of Medscape Reference gratefully acknowledge the contributions of previous author, William Shapiro, MD, to the development and writing of this article.

• Print this section
• Print the entire contents of
• Print the entire contents of article