Vestibular Neuronitis

1. Newman-Toker DE, Hsieh YH, Camargo CA Jr, Pelletier AJ, Butchy GT, Edlow JA. Spectrum of dizziness visits to US emergency departments: cross-sectional analysis from a nationally representative sample. Mayo Clin Proc. 2008 Jul. 83(7):765-75. [Medline].

2. Huppert D, Strupp M, Theil D, Glaser M, Brandt T. Low recurrence rate of vestibular neuritis: a long-term follow-up. Neurology. 2006 Nov 28. 67(10):1870-1. [Medline].

3. Sekitani T, Imate Y, Noguchi T, Inokuma T. Vestibular neuronitis: epidemiological survey by questionnaire in Japan. Acta Otolaryngol Suppl. 1993. 503:9-12. [Medline].

4. Gacek RR. A Perspective on Recurrent Vertigo. ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec. 2013 Jun 21. 75(2):91-107. [Medline].

5. Hotson JR, Baloh RW. Acute vestibular syndrome. N Engl J Med. 1998 Sep 3. 339(10):680-5. [Medline].

6. Chihara Y, Iwasaki S, Murofushi T, Yagi M, Inoue A, Fujimoto C, et al. Clinical characteristics of inferior vestibular neuritis. Acta Otolaryngol. 2012 Dec. 132(12):1288-94. [Medline].

7. Newman-Toker DE, Kattah JC, Alvernia JE, Wang DZ. Normal head impulse test differentiates acute cerebellar strokes from vestibular neuritis. Neurology. 2008 Jun 10. 70(24 Pt 2):2378-85. [Medline].

8. Kattah JC, Talkad AV, Wang DZ, Hsieh YH, Newman-Toker DE. HINTS to diagnose stroke in the acute vestibular syndrome: three-step bedside oculomotor examination more sensitive than early MRI diffusion-weighted imaging. Stroke. 2009 Nov. 40(11):3504-10. [Medline].

9. Newman-Toker DE, Kerber KA, Hsieh YH, Pula JH, Omron R, Saber Tehrani AS. HINTS outperforms ABCD2 to screen for stroke in acute continuous vertigo and dizziness. Acad Emerg Med. 2013 Oct. 20(10):986-96. [Medline].

10. Newman-Toker DE. 3-Component HINTS battery. The David Newman-Toker Neuro-Ophthalmology Collection. Available at http://content.lib.utah.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/ehsl-dent/id/6. Accessed: October 11, 2014.

11. Lee H, Sohn SI, Cho YW, Lee SR, Ahn BH, Park BR, et al. Cerebellar infarction presenting isolated vertigo: frequency and vascular topographical patterns. Neurology. 2006 Oct 10. 67(7):1178-83. [Medline].

12. Strupp M, Zingler VC, Arbusow V, Niklas D, Maag KP, Dieterich M. Methylprednisolone, valacyclovir, or the combination for vestibular neuritis. N Engl J Med. 2004 Jul 22. 351(4):354-61. [Medline].

13. Shupak A, Issa A, Golz A, Margalit Kaminer, Braverman I. Prednisone treatment for vestibular neuritis. Otol Neurotol. 2008 Apr. 29(3):368-74. [Medline].

14. Walker MF. Treatment of vestibular neuritis. Curr Treat Options Neurol. 2009 Jan. 11(1):41-5. [Medline].

15. Goudakos JK, Markou KD, Psillas G, Vital V, Tsaligopoulos M. Corticosteroids and vestibular exercises in vestibular neuritis. Single-blind randomized clinical trial. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2014 May. 140(5):434-40. [Medline].

16. Adamec I, Krbot Skorić M, Gabelić T, Barun B, Ljevak J, Bujan Kovač A, et al. Intravenous dexamethasone in acute management of vestibular neuritis: a randomized, placebo-controlled, single-blind trial. Eur J Emerg Med. 2015 Apr 27. 20 (12):1186-92. [Medline].

17. Fishman JM, Burgess C, Waddell A. Corticosteroids for the treatment of idiopathic acute vestibular dysfunction (vestibular neuritis). Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2011 May 11. CD008607. [Medline].

18. Marill KA, Walsh MJ, Nelson BK. Intravenous lorazepam versus dimenhydrinate for treatment of vertigo in the emergency department: A randomized clinical trial. Ann Emerg Med. 2000. 36:310-9. [Medline].

19. Mandalà M, Nuti D, Broman AT, Zee DS. Effectiveness of careful bedside examination in assessment, diagnosis, and prognosis of vestibular neuritis. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2008 Feb. 134(2):164-9. [Medline].

20. Savitz SI, Caplan LR, Edlow JA. Pitfalls in the diagnosis of cerebellar infarction. Acad Emerg Med. 2007 Jan. 14(1):63-8. [Medline].

21. Babe KS Jr, Serafin WE. Histamine, bradykinin, and their antagonists. Goodman & Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. 1996: 581-600.

22. Baloh RW. Clinical practice. Vestibular neuritis. N Engl J Med. 2003 Mar 13. 348(11):1027-32. [Medline].

23. Baloh RW, Ishyama A, Wackym PA, Honrubia V. Vestibular neuritis: clinical-pathologic correlation. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1996 Apr. 114(4):586-92. [Medline].

24. Bohmer A. Acute unilateral peripheral vestibulopathy. Disorders of the Vestibular System. 1996. 318-27.

25. Cohen B, DeJong JM. Meclizine and placebo in treating vertigo of vestibular origin. Relative efficacy in a double-blind study. Arch Neurol. 1972 Aug. 27(2):129-35. [Medline].

26. Division of Drugs and Toxicology. Drugs used for motion disorders and vomiting. Drug Evaluations Annual. 1995:465-92.

27. El-Kashlan HK, Telian SA. Diagnosis and initiating treatment for peripheral system disorders: imbalance and dizziness with normal hearing. Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 2000 Jun. 33(3):563-78. [Medline].

28. Froehling DA, Silverstein MD, Mohr DN. Does this dizzy patient have a serious form of vertigo?. JAMA. 1994 Feb 2. 271(5):385-8. [Medline].

29. Gizzi M, Riley E, Molinari S. The diagnostic value of imaging the patient with dizziness. A Bayesian approach. Arch Neurol. 1996 Dec. 53(12):1299-304. [Medline].

30. Peppard SB. Effect of drug therapy on compensation from vestibular injury. Laryngoscope. 1986 Aug. 96(8):878-98. [Medline].

31. Philpot SJ, Archer JS. Herpes encephalitis preceded by ipsilateral vestibular neuronitis. J Clin Neurosci. 2005 Nov. 12(8):958-9. [Medline].

32. Rascol O, Hain TC, Brefel C. Antivertigo medications and drug-induced vertigo. A pharmacological review. Drugs. 1995 Nov. 50(5):777-91. [Medline].

33. Ryu JH, McCabe BF. effects of diazepam and dimenhydrinate on the resting activity of the vestibular neuron. Aerosp Med. 1974 Oct. 45(10):1177-9. [Medline].

34. Schwaber MK. Vestibular Disorders. Clinical Otology. 1997:345-65.

35. Troost BT. Dizziness and Vertigo. Neurology in Clinical Practice. 1996. 1:219-32.

36. Troost BT, Waller MA. Neuro-Otology. Neurology in Clinical Practice. 1996. 1:647-57.

Keith A Marill, MD Faculty, Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital; Assistant Professor, Harvard Medical School

Keith A Marill, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Emergency Medicine, Society for Academic Emergency Medicine

Disclosure: Received research grant from: Zoll Foundation; Laerdal Foundation<br/>Received ownership interest from Medtronic for none; Received ownership interest from General Electric for none. for: GE; Medtronic.

Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD Adjunct Assistant Professor, University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Pharmacy; Editor-in-Chief, Medscape Drug Reference

Disclosure: Received salary from Medscape for employment. for: Medscape.

J Stephen Huff, MD, FACEP Professor of Emergency Medicine and Neurology, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine

J Stephen Huff, MD, FACEP is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Neurology, American College of Emergency Physicians, Society for Academic Emergency Medicine

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Gil Z Shlamovitz, MD, FACEP Associate Professor of Clinical Emergency Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California; Chief Medical Information Officer, Keck Medicine of USC

Gil Z Shlamovitz, MD, FACEP is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Emergency Physicians, American Medical Informatics Association

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Peter MC DeBlieux, MD Professor of Clinical Medicine and Pediatrics, Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Program Director, Department of Emergency Medicine, Louisiana State University School of Medicine in New Orleans

Peter MC DeBlieux, MD is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American Academy of Emergency Medicine, American College of Emergency Physicians, American Medical Association, Radiological Society of North America, Society of Critical Care Medicine

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Robert E O'Connor, MD, MPH Professor and Chair, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Virginia Health System

Robert E O'Connor, MD, MPH is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Emergency Medicine, American College of Emergency Physicians, American Heart Association, American Medical Association, National Association of EMS Physicians, Society for Academic Emergency Medicine

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

• Print this section
• Print the entire contents of
• Print the entire contents of article