Wernicke Encephalopathy Questions & Answers

1. [Guideline] Galvin R, Bråthen G, Ivashynka A, Hillbom M, Tanasescu R, Leone MA, et al. EFNS guidelines for diagnosis, therapy and prevention of Wernicke encephalopathy. Eur J Neurol. 2010. 17:1408–1418. [Medline].

2. Attard O, Dietemann JL, Diemunsch P, Pottecher T, Meyer A, Calon BL. Wernicke encephalopathy: a complication of parenteral nutrition diagnosed by magnetic resonance imaging. Anesthesiology. 2006 Oct. 105(4):847-8. [Medline].

3. Fattal-Valevski A, Kesler A, Sela BA, et al. Outbreak of life-threatening thiamine deficiency in infants in Israel caused by a defective soy-based formula. Pediatrics. 2005 Feb. 115(2):e233-8. [Medline].

4. Day GS, del Campo CM. Wernicke encephalopathy: a medical emergency. CMAJ. 2014. 186:E295. [Medline].

5. Donnino MW, Vega J, Miller J, et al. Myths and misconceptions of Wernicke's encephalopathy: what every emergency physician should know. Ann Emerg Med. 2007 Dec. 50(6):715-21. [Medline].

6. [Guideline] Day E, Bentham PW, Callaghan R, Kuruvilla T, George S. Thiamine for prevention and treatment of Wernicke- Korsakoff Syndrome in people who abuse alcohol (Cochrane Review ). The Cochrane Library. 2013. 7:1-20.

7. Aasheim ET. Wernicke encephalopathy after bariatric surgery: a systematic review. Ann Surg. 2008 Nov. 248(5):714-20. [Medline].

8. Hung SC, Hung SH, Tarng DC, Yang WC, Chen TW, Huang TP. Thiamine deficiency and unexplained encephalopathy in hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis patients. Am J Kidney Dis. 2001 Nov. 38(5):941-7. [Medline].

9. Thomson AD, Cook CC, Touquet R, et al. The Royal College of Physicians report on alcohol: guidelines for managing Wernicke's encephalopathy in the accident and Emergency Department. Alcohol Alcohol. 2002 Nov-Dec. 37(6):513-21. [Medline].

10. Azim W, Walker R. Wernicke's encephalopathy: a frequently missed problem. Hosp Med. 2003 Jun. 64(6):326-7. [Medline].

11. Buscaglia J, Faris J. Unsteady, unfocused, and unable to hear. Am J Med. 2005 Nov. 118(11):1215-7. [Medline].

12. Decker MJ, Isaacman DJ. A common cause of altered mental status occurring at an uncommon age. Pediatr Emerg Care. 2000 Apr. 16(2):94-6. [Medline].

13. Antunez E, Estruch R, Cardenal C, et al. Usefulness of CT and MR imaging in the diagnosis of acute Wernicke's encephalopathy. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1998 Oct. 171(4):1131-7. [Medline].

14. Donnino M. Gastrointestinal beriberi: a previously unrecognized syndrome. Ann Intern Med. 2004 Dec 7. 141(11):898-9. [Medline].

15. Donnino MW, Miller J, Garcia AJ, et al. Distinctive acid-base pattern in Wernicke's encephalopathy. Ann Emerg Med. 2007 Dec. 50(6):722-5. [Medline].

16. Kaineg B, Hudgins PA. Images in clinical medicine. Wernicke's encephalopathy. N Engl J Med. 2005 May 12. 352(19):e18. [Medline].

17. Roh JH, Kim JH, Koo Y, Seo WK, Lee JM, Lee YH, et al. Teaching NeuroImage: Diverse MRI signal intensities with Wernicke encephalopathy. Neurology. 2008 Apr 8. 70(15):e48. [Medline].

18. Attard O, Dietemann JL, Diemunsch P, Pottecher T, Meyer A, Calon BL. Wernicke encephalopathy: a complication of parenteral nutrition diagnosed by magnetic resonance imaging. Anesthesiology. 2006 Oct. 105(4):847-8. [Medline].

Philip N Salen, MD Adjunct Clinical Associate Professor, Department of Emergency Medicine, Temple University School of Medicine; Research Director, Emergency Medicine Education, St Luke's Hospital

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD Adjunct Assistant Professor, University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Pharmacy; Editor-in-Chief, Medscape Drug Reference

Disclosure: Received salary from Medscape for employment. for: Medscape.

J Stephen Huff, MD, FACEP Professor of Emergency Medicine and Neurology, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine

J Stephen Huff, MD, FACEP is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Neurology, American College of Emergency Physicians, Society for Academic Emergency Medicine

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Andrew K Chang, MD, MS Vincent P Verdile, MD, Endowed Chair in Emergency Medicine, Professor of Emergency Medicine, Vice Chair of Research and Academic Affairs, Albany Medical College; Associate Professor of Clinical Emergency Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Attending Physician, Department of Emergency Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center

Andrew K Chang, MD, MS is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Emergency Medicine, American Academy of Neurology, American Academy of Pain Medicine, American College of Emergency Physicians, American Geriatrics Society, American Pain Society, Society for Academic Emergency Medicine

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Peter MC DeBlieux, MD Professor of Clinical Medicine and Pediatrics, Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Program Director, Department of Emergency Medicine, Louisiana State University School of Medicine in New Orleans

Peter MC DeBlieux, MD is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American Academy of Emergency Medicine, American College of Emergency Physicians, American Medical Association, Radiological Society of North America, Society of Critical Care Medicine

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

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