Malignant Otitis Externa Questions & Answers

1. Karaman E, Yilmaz M, Ibrahimov M, Haciyev Y, Enver O. Malignant otitis externa. J Craniofac Surg. 2012 Nov. 23(6):1748-51. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

2. Al Aaraj MS, Kelley C. Malignant Otitis Externa. StatPearls. 2022 Jan. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

3. Chandler JR. Malignant external otitis. Laryngoscope. 1968 Aug. 78(8):1257-94. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

4. Ling SS, Sader C. Fungal malignant otitis externa treated with hyperbaric oxygen. Int J Infect Dis. 2008 Sep. 12(5):550-2. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

5. Phillips JS, Jones SE. Hyperbaric oxygen as an adjuvant treatment for malignant otitis externa. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013 May 31. 5:CD004617. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

6. Chandler JR. Malignant external otitis: further considerations. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 1977 Jul-Aug. 86(4 Pt 1):417-28. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

7. Franco-Vidal V, Blanchet H, Bebear C, Dutronc H, Darrouzet V. Necrotizing external otitis: a report of 46 cases. Otol Neurotol. 2007 Sep. 28(6):771-3. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

8. Soudry E, Joshua BZ, Sulkes J, Nageris BI. Characteristics and prognosis of malignant external otitis with facial paralysis. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2007 Oct. 133(10):1002-4. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

9. Mani N, Sudhoff H, Rajagopal S, Moffat D, Axon PR. Cranial nerve involvement in malignant external otitis: implications for clinical outcome. Laryngoscope. 2007 May. 117(5):907-10. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

10. Nawas MT, Daruwalla VJ, Spirer D, Micco AG, Nemeth AJ. Complicated necrotizing otitis externa. Am J Otolaryngol. 2013 Nov-Dec. 34(6):706-9. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

11. Yang TH, Xirasagar S, Cheng YF, et al. Malignant Otitis Externa is Associated with Diabetes: A Population-Based Case-Control Study. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2020 Jan 24. 3489419901139. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

12. Sylvester MJ, Sanghvi S, Patel VM, Eloy JA, Ying YM. Malignant otitis externa hospitalizations: Analysis of patient characteristics. Laryngoscope. 2017 Oct. 127 (10):2328-36. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

13. Peled C, Sadeh R, El-Saied S, Novack V, Kaplan DM. Diabetes and glycemic control in necrotizing otitis externa (NOE). Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2021 Apr 1. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

14. Hobson CE, Moy JD, Byers KE, et al. Malignant otitis externa: evolving pathogens and implications for diagnosis and treatment. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2014 Mar 26. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

15. Gruber M, Roitman A, Doweck I, et al. Clinical utility of a polymerase chain reaction assay in culture-negative necrotizing otitis externa. Otol Neurotol. 2015 Apr. 36 (4):733-6. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

16. Goh JPN, Karandikar A, Loke SC, Tan TY. Skull base osteomyelitis secondary to malignant otitis externa mimicking advanced nasopharyngeal cancer: MR imaging features at initial presentation. Am J Otolaryngol. 2017 Jul - Aug. 38 (4):466-71. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

17. Peleg U, Perez R, Raveh D, Berelowitz D, Cohen D. Stratification for malignant external otitis. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2007 Aug. 137(2):301-5. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

18. Levenson MJ, Parisier SC, Dolitsky J, Bindra G. Ciprofloxacin: drug of choice in the treatment of malignant external otitis (MEO). Laryngoscope. 1991 Aug. 101(8):821-4. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

19. Benecke JE Jr. Management of osteomyelitis of the skull base. Laryngoscope. 1989 Dec. 99(12):1220-3. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

20. Davis JC, Gates GA, Lerner C, Davis MG Jr, Mader JT, Dinesman A. Adjuvant hyperbaric oxygen in malignant external otitis. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1992 Jan. 118(1):89-93. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

21. Berenholz L, Katzenell U, Harell M. Evolving resistant pseudomonas to ciprofloxacin in malignant otitis externa. Laryngoscope. 2002 Sep. 112(9):1619-22. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

22. Carlton DA, Perez EE, Smouha EE. Malignant external otitis: The shifting treatment paradigm. Am J Otolaryngol. 2018 Jan - Feb. 39 (1):41-5. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

23. Lee SK, Lee SA, Seon SW, et al. Analysis of Prognostic Factors in Malignant External Otitis. Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol. 2017 Sep. 10 (3):228-35. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

24. Stevens SM, Lambert PR, Baker AB, Meyer TA. Malignant Otitis Externa: A Novel Stratification Protocol for Predicting Treatment Outcomes. Otol Neurotol. 2015 Sep. 36 (9):1492-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

25. Mion M, Bovo R, Marchese-Ragona R, Martini A. Outcome predictors of treatment effectiveness for fungal malignant external otitis: a systematic review. Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital. 2015 Oct. 35 (5):307-13. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

26. Schwam ZG, Ferrandino R, Kaul VZ, Wanna GB, Cosetti MK. Thirty-Day Readmission and Prolonged Length of Stay in Malignant Otitis Externa. Laryngoscope. 2019 Nov 22. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

27. Foden N, Burgess C, Damato S, et al. Concurrent necrotising otitis externa and adenocarcinoma of the temporal bone: a diagnostic challenge. BMJ Case Rep. 2013 Nov 6. 2013:[QxMD MEDLINE Link].

28. Chin RY, Nguyen TB. Synchronous malignant otitis externa and squamous cell carcinoma of the external auditory canal. Case Rep Otolaryngol. 2013. 2013:837169. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

Brian Nussenbaum, MD, FACS Christy J and Richard S Hawes III Professor, Vice Chair for Clinical Affairs, Division Chief, Head and Neck Surgery, Patient Safety Officer, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine

Brian Nussenbaum, MD, FACS is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, American College of Surgeons, American Head and Neck Society, Phi Beta Kappa, Society of University Otolaryngologists-Head and Neck Surgeons, Triological Society

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD Adjunct Assistant Professor, University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Pharmacy; Editor-in-Chief, Medscape Drug Reference

Disclosure: Received salary from Medscape for employment. for: Medscape.

Ted L Tewfik, MD Professor of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Professor of Pediatric Surgery, McGill University Faculty of Medicine; Senior Staff, Montreal Children's Hospital, Montreal General Hospital, and Royal Victoria Hospital

Ted L Tewfik, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Society of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Canadian Society of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Arlen D Meyers, MD, MBA Emeritus Professor of Otolaryngology, Dentistry, and Engineering, University of Colorado School of Medicine

Arlen D Meyers, MD, MBA is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, American Head and Neck Society

Disclosure: Serve(d) as a director, officer, partner, employee, advisor, consultant or trustee for: Cerescan; Neosoma; MI10;<br/>Received income in an amount equal to or greater than $250 from: Neosoma; Cyberionix (CYBX)<br/>Received ownership interest from Cerescan for consulting for: Neosoma, MI10 advisor.

Jack A Shohet, MD President, Shohet Ear Associates Medical Group, Inc; Clinical Professor, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine

Jack A Shohet, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, American Neurotology Society, California Medical Association

Disclosure: Medical Advisory Board Member, consultant for: Envoy Medical.

Peter S Roland, MD Professor, Department of Neurological Surgery, Professor and Chairman, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Director, Clinical Center for Auditory, Vestibular, and Facial Nerve Disorders, Chief of Pediatric Otology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center; Chief of Pediatric Otology, Children’s Medical Center of Dallas; President of Medical Staff, Parkland Memorial Hospital; Adjunct Professor of Communicative Disorders, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, Chief of Medical Service, Callier Center for Communicative Disorders, University of Texas School of Human Development

Peter S Roland, MD is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American Academy of Otolaryngic Allergy, American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, American Auditory Society, American Neurotology Society, American Otological Society, North American Skull Base Society, Society of University Otolaryngologists-Head and Neck Surgeons, The Triological Society

Disclosure: Received honoraria from Alcon Labs for consulting; Received honoraria from Advanced Bionics for board membership; Received honoraria from Cochlear Corp for board membership; Received travel grants from Med El Corp for consulting.

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