Middle Ear, Tympanic Membrane, Perforations Workup

1. Principi N, Marchisio P, Rosazza C, Sciarrabba CS, Esposito S. Acute otitis media with spontaneous tympanic membrane perforation. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2017 Jan. 36 (1):11-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

2. Mittal R, Lisi CV, Gerring R, et al. Current concepts in the pathogenesis and treatment of chronic suppurative otitis media. J Med Microbiol. 2015 Oct. 64 (10):1103-16. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

3. Sagiv D, Migirov L, Glikson E, et al. Traumatic Perforation of the Tympanic Membrane: A Review of 80 Cases. J Emerg Med. 2018 Feb. 54 (2):186-90. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

4. Lee DH, Kim J, Shin E, Kim Y, Cho Y. Clinical Analysis of Paper Patch Myringoplasty in Patients with Tympanic Membrane Perforations. J Int Adv Otol. 2016 Aug. 12 (2):142-6. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

5. Lee DY, Kim YH. Can Fat-plug Myringoplasty Be a Good Alternative to Formal Myringoplasty? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Otol Neurotol. 2018 Apr. 39 (4):403-9. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

6. Jung T, Kim YH, Kim YH, Park SK, Martin D. Medial or medio-lateral graft tympanoplasty for repair of tympanic membrane perforation. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2009 Jul. 73(7):941-3. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

7. Nelson SM, Berry RI. Ear disease and hearing loss among Navajo children--a mass survey. Laryngoscope. 1984 Mar. 94(3):316-23. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

8. Golz A, Netzer A, Joachims HZ, et al. Ventilation tubes and persisting tympanic membrane perforations. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1999 Apr. 120(4):524-7. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

9. Van Zuijlen DA, Schilder AG, Van Balen FA, et al. National differences in incidence of acute mastoiditis: relationship to prescribing patterns of antibiotics for acute otitis media?. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2001 Feb. 20(2):140-4. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

10. Marchisio P, Esposito S, Picca M, et al. Prospective evaluation of the aetiology of acute otitis media with spontaneous tympanic membrane perforation. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2017 Jan 18. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

11. Sagiv D, Migirov L, Glikson E, et al. Traumatic Perforation of the Tympanic Membrane: A Review of 80 Cases. J Emerg Med. 2018 Feb. 54 (2):186-90. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

12. Howard ML. Complete round-window fistula. Ear Nose Throat J. 1976 Dec. 55(12):382-3. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

13. Orji FT, Agu CC. Determinants of spontaneous healing in traumatic perforations of the tympanic membrane. Clin Otolaryngol. 2008 Oct. 33(5):420-6. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

14. Barati B, Hashemi SM, Goljanian Tabrizi A. Otological findings ten years after myringotomy with tympanostomy tube insertion. Iran J Otorhinolaryngol. 2012 Fall. 24 (69):181-6. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

15. Chari DA, Frumm SM, Akil O, Tward AD. Cellular Dynamics in Early Healing of Mouse Tympanic Membranes. Otol Neurotol. 2019 Feb. 40 (2):e160-6. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

16. Moualed D, Masterson L, Kumar S, Donnelly N. Water precautions for prevention of infection in children with ventilation tubes (grommets). Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016 Jan 27. CD010375. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

17. Park H, Hong SN, Kim HS, et al. Determinants of conductive hearing loss in tympanic membrane perforation. Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol. 2015 Jun. 8 (2):92-6. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

18. Pusz MD, Robitschek J. Traumatic Hearing Loss in the Context of Blast-Related Tympanic Membrane Perforation. Mil Med. 2017 Jan. 182 (1):e1645-e1648. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

19. Mehta RP, Rosowski JJ, Voss SE, O'Neil E, Merchant SN. Determinants of hearing loss in perforations of the tympanic membrane. Otol Neurotol. 2006 Feb. 27 (2):136-43. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

20. Park H, Hong SN, Kim HS, et al. Determinants of conductive hearing loss in tympanic membrane perforation. Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol. 2015 Jun. 8 (2):92-6. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

21. Lerut B, Pfammatter A, Moons J, Linder T. Functional correlations of tympanic membrane perforation size. Otol Neurotol. 2012 Apr. 33(3):379-86. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

22. Röösli C, Sim JH, Chatzimichalis M, Huber AM. How does closure of tympanic membrane perforations affect hearing and middle ear mechanics?-An evaluation in a patient cohort and temporal bone models. Otol Neurotol. 2012 Apr. 33(3):371-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

23. Lou Z, Lou Z, Tang Y, Xiao J. The effect of ofloxacin otic drops on the regeneration of human traumatic tympanic membrane perforations. Clin Otolaryngol. 2015 Oct 14. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

24. Dursun E, Dogru S, Gungor A, et al. Comparison of paper-patch, fat, and perichondrium myringoplasty in repair of small tympanic membrane perforations. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2008 Mar. 138(3):353-6. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

25. Niklasson A, Tano K. The Gelfoam® plug: an alternative treatment for small eardrum perforations. Laryngoscope. 2011 Apr. 121(4):782-4. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

26. Carr SD, Strachan DR, Raine CH. Factors affecting myringoplasty success. J Laryngol Otol. 2015 Jan. 129 (1):23-6. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

27. Tseng CC, Lai MT, Wu CC, Yuan SP, Ding YF. Short-term Subjective and Objective Outcomes of Patients Receiving Endoscopic Transcanal Myringoplasty for Repairing Tympanic Perforations. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2018 Feb. 158 (2):337-42. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

28. Larrosa F, de Osso JT, Dura MJ, Bernal-Sprekelsen M. Palisade cartilage tympanoplasty compared to one-piece composite cartilage-perichondrium grafts for transcanal endoscopic treatment of subtotal tympanic membrane perforations: a retrospective study. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2020 Apr 6. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

29. Cass ND, Hebbe AL, Meier MR, et al. Pediatric Primary Tympanoplasty Outcomes With Autologous and Non-autologous Grafts. Otol Neurotol. 2022 Jan 1. 43 (1):94-100. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

30. Haksever M, Akduman D, Solmaz F, et al. Inlay butterfly cartilage tympanoplasty in the treatment of dry central perforated chronic otitis media as an effective and time-saving procedure. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2014 Jan 28. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

31. Kim HJ, Kim MJ, Jeon JH, et al. Functional and practical outcomes of inlay butterfly cartilage tympanoplasty. Otol Neurotol. 2014 May 16. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

32. Jumaily M, Franco J, Gallogly JA, et al. Butterfly cartilage tympanoplasty outcomes: A single-institution experience and literature review. Am J Otolaryngol. 2018 Mar 29. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

33. Ryan JE, Briggs RJ. Outcomes of the overlay graft technique in tympanoplasty. ANZ J Surg. 2010 Sep. 80 (9):624-9. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

34. Ranguis SC, Leonard CG, James AL. Prospective Comparison of Pediatric Endoscopic Lateral Graft and Interlay Tympanoplasty. Otol Neurotol. 2021 Jul 1. 42 (6):867-75. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

35. Uguz MZ, Onal K, Kazikdas KC, Onal A. The influence of smoking on success of tympanoplasty measured by serum cotinine analysis. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2008 May. 265 (5):513-6. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

36. Plodpai Y. Endoscopic vs Microscopic Overlay Tympanoplasty for Correcting Large Tympanic Membrane Perforations: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2018 Nov. 159 (5):879-86. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

37. Jian-Yang, Zi-Han-Lou, Yahui-Fu, Zheng-Cai-Lou. A retrospective study of EGF and ofloxacin drops in the healing of human large traumatic eardrum perforation. Am J Otolaryngol. 2016 Mar 22. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

38. Derlacki EL. Office closure of central tympanic membrane perforations: a quarter century of experience. Trans Am Acad Ophthalmol Otolaryngol. 1973 Mar-Apr. 77(2):ORL53-66. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

39. Derlacki EL. Residual perforations after tympanoplasty: office technique for closure. Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 1982 Nov. 15(4):861-7. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

40. Parekh A, Mantle B, Banks J, Swarts JD, Badylak SF, Dohar JE. Repair of the tympanic membrane with urinary bladder matrix. Laryngoscope. 2009 Jun. 119(6):1206-13. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

Robert A Saadi, MD Assistant Professor, Fellow in Advanced Otology, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences

Robert A Saadi, MD is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Huseyin Isildak, MD, AuD Assistant Professor of Surgery, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine; Director of Otology and Neurotology, Director of Cochlear Implant Program, Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Penn State Milton S Hershey Medical Center

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD Adjunct Assistant Professor, University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Pharmacy; Editor-in-Chief, Medscape Drug Reference

Disclosure: Received salary from Medscape for employment. for: Medscape.

Gerard J Gianoli, MD Clinical Associate Professor, Departments of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and Pediatrics, Tulane University School of Medicine; President, The Ear and Balance Institute; Board of Directors, Ponchartrain Surgery Center

Gerard J Gianoli, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, American College of Surgeons, American Neurotology Society, American Otological Society, Society of University Otolaryngologists-Head and Neck Surgeons, Triological Society

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Arlen D Meyers, MD, MBA Professor of Otolaryngology, Dentistry, and Engineering, University of Colorado School of Medicine

Arlen D Meyers, MD, MBA is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, American Head and Neck Society

Disclosure: Serve(d) as a director, officer, partner, employee, advisor, consultant or trustee for: Cerescan; Ryte; Neosoma; MI10<br/>Received income in an amount equal to or greater than $250 from: Neosoma; Cyberionix (CYBX)<br/>Received ownership interest from Cerescan for consulting for: Neosoma, MI10.

• Print this section
• Print the entire contents of
• Print the entire contents of article