Medication Summary
The goal of medical therapy is to reduce pain during the acute phase of recovery.
Related Medscape Reference topics:
Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Agent Toxicity
Related Medscape resources:
Resource Center Adverse Drug Events Reporting
Resource Center Opioids: A Guide to State Opioid Prescribing Policies
Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs
Class Summary
NSAIDs have analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic activities, which make these ideal agents for treating ankle injuries. The mechanism of action of NSAIDs is not known, but they may inhibit cyclooxygenase activity and prostaglandin synthesis. Other mechanisms may exist as well, such as inhibition of leukotriene synthesis, lysosomal enzyme release, lipoxygenase activity, neutrophil aggregation and various cell membrane functions. Many NSAIDs are currently on the market. In general, the mechanism of action of these agents is the same. No evidence exists that one NSAID is more efficacious than another; however, individual response may differ.
Acetaminophen, with or without an opiate analgesic, may be added to NSAID therapy (or used as a substitute).
Ibuprofen (Motrin, Ibuprin)
DOC for patients with mild to moderate pain. Inhibits inflammatory reactions and pain by decreasing prostaglandin synthesis.
Naproxen (Anaprox, Naprelan, Naprosyn)
For relief of mild to moderate pain. Inhibits inflammatory reactions and pain by decreasing the activity of cyclooxygenase, which results in a decrease of prostaglandin synthesis.
Analgesics
Class Summary
Pain control is essential to quality patient care. Analgesics ensure patient comfort and have sedating properties, which are beneficial for patients who have sustained trauma or who have sustained injuries.
Acetaminophen (Tempra, Tylenol, Feverall)
DOC for pain in patients with documented hypersensitivity to aspirin or NSAIDs, with upper GI disease, or who are taking oral anticoagulants.
Hydrocodone and acetaminophen (Vicodin, Lorcet-HD, Lortab)
Drug combination indicated for moderate to severe pain.
Acetaminophen and codeine (Tylenol with codeine)
Indicated for the treatment of mild to moderate pain.
