Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo Questions & Answers

Updated: Jan 14, 2022
  • Author: John C Li, MD; Chief Editor: Arlen D Meyers, MD, MBA  more...
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Questions & Answers

Overview

What is the prevalence of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV)?

What is the historical history of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV)?

What is benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV)?

How are the canalithiasis and cupulolithiasis forms of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) defined?

How is classic benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) characterized?

How is nystagmus characterized in benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV)?

What is the standard clinical test for benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV)?

How is the Dix-Hallpike maneuver performed in the evaluation of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV)?

What are the treatment options for benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV)?

What is the role of surgery in the treatment of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV)?

What is the pathophysiology of vertigo?

What is the cupulolithiasis theory of the pathogenesis of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV)?

What is the canalithiasis theory of the pathogenesis of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV)?

What is the prevalence of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) in the US?

What are the racial predilections o benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV)?

How does the prevalence of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) vary by sex?

What are the age predilections of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV)?

Presentation

What are the signs and symptoms of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV)?

Which physical findings are characteristic of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV)?

How is the Dix-Hallpike maneuver performed, and which findings indicate benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV)?

What do nystagmus findings indicate in the evaluation of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV)?

What is the most effective positioning test for diagnosing lateral canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV)?

What are the risk factors for benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV)?

What is the role of dental procedures in the etiology of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV)?

What is the role of migraine headache in the etiology of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV)?

What are the risk factors for recurrent benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV)?

DDX

Which conditions should be included in the differential diagnoses for benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV)?

What are the differential diagnoses for Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo?

Workup

What is the role of lab studies in the workup of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV)?

What is the role of imaging studies in the workup of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV)?

Which tests are performed in the workup of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV)?

Treatment

What are the treatment options for benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV)?

What are the limitations of watchful waiting in the treatment of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV)?

What is the role of vestibulosuppressant medication in the treatment of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV)?

What is the role of vestibular rehabilitation in the treatment of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV)?

What is the role of canalith repositioning (CRP) in the treatment of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV)?

What is the efficacy of canalith repositioning (CRP) for the treatment of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV)?

Which factors may indicate repeated need for canalith repositioning (CRP) during treatment of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV)?

What is the efficacy of multi-axial positioning devices in the treatment of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV)?

How is the Epley procedure performed in the treatment of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV)?

Which CRP maneuvers are effective in the treatment of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV)?

When is surgery indicated in the treatment of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV)?

Which surgical procedures are contraindicated for the treatment of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV)?

Which is the role of singular neurectomy in the treatment of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV)?

What is the role of posterior canal occlusion in the treatment of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV)?

What activity modifications are needed following treatment of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV)?

Guidelines

What are the AAO-HNSF recommendations for the treatment of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV)?

Medications

What are the limitations of medications for the treatment of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV)?

What is the role of steroids in the treatment of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV)?

Follow-up

What are possible complications of canalith repositioning procedure (CRP) for the treatment of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV)?

What is the prognosis of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) following canalith repositioning procedure (CRP)?

What is the risk of recurrence of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV)?

What are some patient education resources for benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV)?