Dominguez A, Muppidi V, Gupta S. Hyperaldosteronism. StatPearls. 2020 Jan. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].
Cobb A, Aeddula NR. Primary Hyperaldosteronism. StatPearls. 2020 Jan. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].
Kasifoglu T, Akalin A, Cansu DU, Korkmaz C. Hypokalemic paralysis due to primary hyperaldosteronism simulating Gitelman's syndrome. Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl. 2009 Mar. 20(2):285-7. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Korzynska W, Jodkowska A, Gosławska K, Bogunia-Kubik K, Mazur G. Genetic aspects of primary hyperaldosteronism. Adv Clin Exp Med. 2018 Aug. 27 (8):1149-1158. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].
Aronova A, Iii TJ, Zarnegar R. Management of hypertension in primary aldosteronism. World J Cardiol. 2014 May 26. 6(5):227-33. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].
Weisbrod AB, Webb RC, Mathur A, Barak S, Abraham SB, Nilubol N, et al. Adrenal histologic findings show no difference in clinical presentation and outcome in primary hyperaldosteronism. Ann Surg Oncol. 2013 Mar. 20(3):753-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].
Funder JW. The genetic basis of primary aldosteronism. Curr Hypertens Rep. 2012 Apr. 14(2):120-4. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Lifton RP, Dluhy RG, Powers M, Rich GM, Cook S, Ulick S, et al. A chimaeric 11 beta-hydroxylase/aldosterone synthase gene causes glucocorticoid-remediable aldosteronism and human hypertension. Nature. 1992 Jan 16. 355(6357):262-5. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Torpy DJ, Gordon RD, Lin JP, Huggard PR, Taymans SE, Stowasser M, et al. Familial hyperaldosteronism type II: description of a large kindred and exclusion of the aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2) gene. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1998 Sep. 83(9):3214-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Lafferty AR, Torpy DJ, Stowasser M, Taymans SE, Lin JP, Huggard P, et al. A novel genetic locus for low renin hypertension: familial hyperaldosteronism type II maps to chromosome 7 (7p22). J Med Genet. 2000 Nov. 37(11):831-5. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].
Choi M, Scholl UI, Yue P, Björklund P, Zhao B, Nelson-Williams C, et al. K+ channel mutations in adrenal aldosterone-producing adenomas and hereditary hypertension. Science. 2011 Feb 11. 331(6018):768-72. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].
Scholl UI, Nelson-Williams C, Yue P, Grekin R, Wyatt RJ, Dillon MJ, et al. Hypertension with or without adrenal hyperplasia due to different inherited mutations in the potassium channel KCNJ5. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012 Feb 14. 109(7):2533-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].
Charmandari E, Sertedaki A, Kino T, Merakou C, Hoffman DA, Hatch MM, et al. A novel point mutation in the KCNJ5 gene causing primary hyperaldosteronism and early-onset autosomal dominant hypertension. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2012 Aug. 97(8):E1532-9. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].
Boulkroun S, Beuschlein F, Rossi GP, Golib-Dzib JF, Fischer E, Amar L, et al. Prevalence, clinical, and molecular correlates of KCNJ5 mutations in primary aldosteronism. Hypertension. 2012 Mar. 59(3):592-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Taguchi R, Yamada M, Nakajima Y, Satoh T, Hashimoto K, Shibusawa N, et al. Expression and mutations of KCNJ5 mRNA in Japanese patients with aldosterone-producing adenomas. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2012 Apr. 97(4):1311-9. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Monticone S, Hattangady NG, Nishimoto K, Mantero F, Rubin B, Cicala MV, et al. Effect of KCNJ5 mutations on gene expression in aldosterone-producing adenomas and adrenocortical cells. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2012 Aug. 97(8):E1567-72. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].
Azizan EA, Lam BY, Newhouse SJ, Zhou J, Kuc RE, Clarke J, et al. Microarray, qPCR, and KCNJ5 sequencing of aldosterone-producing adenomas reveal differences in genotype and phenotype between zona glomerulosa- and zona fasciculata-like tumors. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2012 May. 97(5):E819-29. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Al-Salameh A, Cohen R, Desailloud R. Overview of the genetic determinants of primary aldosteronism. Appl Clin Genet. 2014. 7:67-79. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].
Markou A, Sertedaki A, Kaltsas G, et al. Stress-induced Aldosterone Hyper-Secretion in a Substantial Subset of Patients With Essential Hypertension. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2015 Aug. 100 (8):2857-64. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].
Escher G. Hyperaldosteronism in pregnancy. Ther Adv Cardiovasc Dis. 2009 Apr. 3(2):123-32. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Fuller PJ. Adrenal Diagnostics: An Endocrinologist's Perspective focused on Hyperaldosteronism. Clin Biochem Rev. 2013 Nov. 34(3):111-6. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].
Prejbisz A, Warchol-Celinska E, Lenders JW, Januszewicz A. Cardiovascular Risk in Primary Hyperaldosteronism. Horm Metab Res. 2015 Dec. 47 (13):973-80. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Holland OB, Brown H, Kuhnert L, Fairchild C, Risk M, Gomez-Sanchez CE. Further evaluation of saline infusion for the diagnosis of primary aldosteronism. Hypertension. 1984 Sep-Oct. 6(5):717-23. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Ignatowska-Switalska H, Chodakowska J, Januszewicz W, Feltynowski T, Adamczyk M, Lewandowski J. Evaluation of plasma aldosterone to plasma renin activity ratio in patients with primary aldosteronism. J Hum Hypertens. 1997 Jun. 11(6):373-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Galati SJ, Hopkins SM, Cheesman KC, Zhuk RA, Levine AC. Primary aldosteronism: emerging trends. Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2013 Sep. 24(9):421-30. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Guichard JL, Clark D 3rd, Calhoun DA, Ahmed MI. Aldosterone receptor antagonists: current perspectives and therapies. Vasc Health Risk Manag. 2013. 9:321-31. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].
Weiner ID. Endocrine and hypertensive disorders of potassium regulation: primary aldosteronism. Semin Nephrol. 2013 May. 33(3):265-76. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].
Harvey AM. Hyperaldosteronism: diagnosis, lateralization, and treatment. Surg Clin North Am. 2014 Jun. 94(3):643-56. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Lai S, Petramala L, Mastroluca D, et al. Hyperaldosteronism and cardiovascular risk in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. Medicine (Baltimore). 2016 Jul. 95 (29):e4175. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Rossi GP, Cesari M, Cuspidi C, Maiolino G, Cicala MV, Bisogni V, et al. Long-term control of arterial hypertension and regression of left ventricular hypertrophy with treatment of primary aldosteronism. Hypertension. 2013 Jul. 62(1):62-9. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Fourkiotis V, Vonend O, Diederich S, Fischer E, Lang K, Endres S, et al. Effectiveness of eplerenone or spironolactone treatment in preserving renal function in primary aldosteronism. Eur J Endocrinol. 2013 Jan. 168(1):75-81. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Rossi GP, Maiolino G, Flego A, et al. Adrenalectomy Lowers Incident Atrial Fibrillation in Primary Aldosteronism Patients at Long Term. Hypertension. 2018 Apr. 71 (4):585-591. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].
Künzel HE. Psychopathological symptoms in patients with primary hyperaldosteronism--possible pathways. Horm Metab Res. 2012 Mar. 44(3):202-7. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Schmiemann G, Gebhardt K, Hummers-Pradier E, Egidi G. Prevalence of hyperaldosteronism in primary care patients with resistant hypertension. J Am Board Fam Med. 2012 Jan-Feb. 25(1):98-103. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Kumar B, Swee M. Aldosterone-renin ratio in the assessment of primary aldosteronism. JAMA. 2014 Jul. 312(2):184-5. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Gouli A, Kaltsas G, Tzonou A, Markou A, Androulakis II, Ragkou D, et al. High prevalence of autonomous aldosterone secretion among patients with essential hypertension. Eur J Clin Invest. 2011 Nov. 41(11):1227-36. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Lucatello B, Benso A, Tabaro I, Capello E, Caprino MP, Marafetti L, et al. Long-term re-evaluation of primary aldosteronism after medical treatment reveals high proportion of normal mineralocorticoid secretion. Eur J Endocrinol. 2013 Apr. 168(4):525-32. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Wu CH, Yang YW, Hu YH, Tsai YC, Kuo KL, Lin YH, et al. Comparison of 24-h urinary aldosterone level and random urinary aldosterone-to-creatinine ratio in the diagnosis of primary aldosteronism. PLoS One. 2013. 8(6):e67417. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].
Piaditis GP, Kaltsas GA, Androulakis II, Gouli A, Makras P, Papadogias D, et al. High prevalence of autonomous cortisol and aldosterone secretion from adrenal adenomas. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2009 Dec. 71(6):772-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Gordon RD. Primary aldosteronism. J Endocrinol Invest. 1995 Jul-Aug. 18(7):495-511. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Gordon RD, Stowasser M, Klemm SA, Tunny TJ. Primary aldosteronism--some genetic, morphological, and biochemical aspects of subtypes. Steroids. 1995 Jan. 60(1):35-41. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Markou A, Pappa T, Kaltsas G, Gouli A, Mitsakis K, Tsounas P, et al. Evidence of primary aldosteronism in a predominantly female cohort of normotensive individuals: a very high odds ratio for progression into arterial hypertension. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2013 Apr. 98(4):1409-16. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Papanastasiou L, Markou A, Pappa T, Gouli A, Tsounas P, Fountoulakis S, et al. Primary aldosteronism in hypertensive patients: clinical implications and target therapy. Eur J Clin Invest. 2014 Aug. 44(8):697-706. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Mussa A, Camilla R, Monticone S, Porta F, Tessaris D, Verna F, et al. Polyuric-polydipsic syndrome in a pediatric case of non-glucocorticoid remediable familial hyperaldosteronism. Endocr J. 2012 Jun 30. 59(6):497-502. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Rossi GP, Auchus RJ, Brown M, Lenders JW, Naruse M, Plouin PF, et al. An expert consensus statement on use of adrenal vein sampling for the subtyping of primary aldosteronism. Hypertension. 2014 Jan. 63(1):151-60. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Rossitto G, Regolisti G, Rossi E, Negro A, Nicoli D, Casali B, et al. Elevation of angiotensin-II type-1-receptor autoantibodies titer in primary aldosteronism as a result of aldosterone-producing adenoma. Hypertension. 2013 Feb. 61(2):526-33. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Di Martino M, Garcia Sanz I, Munoz de Nova JL, Marin Campos C, Martinez Martin M, Dominguez Gadea L. NP-59 test for preoperative localization of primary hyperaldosteronism. Langenbecks Arch Surg. 2017 Mar. 402 (2):303-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Spyridonidis TJ, Apostolopoulos DJ. Is there a role for Nuclear Medicine in diagnosis and management of patients with primary aldosteronism?. Hell J Nucl Med. 2013 May-Aug. 16(2):134-9. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Chen Cardenas SM, Santhanam P. 11C-metomidate PET in the diagnosis of adrenal masses and primary aldosteronism: a review of the literature. Endocrine. 2020 Sep 4. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Feldman RD. Aldosterone and blood pressure regulation: recent milestones on the long and winding road from electrocortin to KCNJ5, GPER, and beyond. Hypertension. 2014 Jan. 63(1):19-21. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Scholl UI, Goh G, Stölting G, de Oliveira RC, Choi M, Overton JD, et al. Somatic and germline CACNA1D calcium channel mutations in aldosterone-producing adenomas and primary aldosteronism. Nat Genet. 2013 Sep. 45(9):1050-4. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].
Cerny MA. Progress towards clinically useful aldosterone synthase inhibitors. Curr Top Med Chem. 2013. 13(12):1385-401. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Araujo-Castro M, Paja Fano M, Gonzalez Boillos M, et al. Evolution of the cardiometabolic profile of primary hyperaldosteronism patients treated with adrenalectomy and with mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists: results from the SPAIN-ALDO Registry. Endocrine. 2022 Jun. 76 (3):687-96. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Sacks BA, Sacks AC, Faintuch S. Radiofrequency ablation treatment for aldosterone-producing adenomas. Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes. 2017 Feb 28. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Uppot RN, Gervais DA. Imaging-guided adrenal tumor ablation. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2013 Jun. 200(6):1226-33. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Spence JD. Diagnosis of primary aldosteronism: for medical management, not just surgery. J Hypertens. 2009 Jan. 27(1):204-5; author reply 205. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Hu YH, Wu CH, Er LK, Lin CD, Liu YB, Chueh SC, et al. Laparoendoscopic single-site adrenalectomy in patients with primary hyperaldosteronism: A prospective study with long-term follow up. Asian J Surg. 2015 Nov 25. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Korah HE, Scholl UI. An Update on Familial Hyperaldosteronism. Horm Metab Res. 2015 Oct 7. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].