Sections

Sections Cervical Discogenic Pain Syndrome
Overview
Presentation
DDx
Workup
Treatment
Medication
Follow-up
Media Gallery
References

Medication

Medication Summary

Oral NSAIDs can help decrease pain and inflammation. Various oral NSAIDs can be used, and no single NSAID holds a clear distinction as the drug of choice. The choice of NSAID is largely a matter of convenience (how frequently doses must be taken to achieve adequate analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects) and cost.

Class Summary

NSAIDs have analgesic, antiinflammatory, and antipyretic activities. The mechanism of action of these agents is not known, but NSAIDs may inhibit cyclooxygenase activity and prostaglandin synthesis. Other mechanisms may exist as well, such as inhibition of leukotriene synthesis, lysosomal enzyme release, lipoxygenase activity, neutrophil aggregation, and various cell membrane functions.

Celecoxib (Celebrex)

View full drug information

For arthritis. Inhibits primarily COX-2, which is considered to be an isoenzyme induced by pain and inflammatory stimuli. Inhibition of COX-1 may contribute to NSAID GI toxicity. At therapeutic concentrations, COX-1 isoenzyme is not inhibited, thus GI toxicity may be decreased. Seek the lowest dose of celecoxib for each patient.

Ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil)

View full drug information

For pain, DOC for patients with mild to moderate pain. Inhibits inflammatory reactions and pain by decreasing prostaglandin synthesis.

Follow-up

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Media Gallery

Appearance of torticollis as a result of sternomastoid fibrosis in a young child.
Lateral cervical spine plain radiograph illustrating the Torg/Pavlov ratio.
Axial computed tomography scan of cervical herniated nucleus pulposus.
T1-weighted magnetic resonance image of a cervical disk herniation.
T2-weighted magnetic resonance image of a cervical disk herniation.
Myelogram of cervical herniated disk. A filling defect is shown.
Three-dimensional computed tomography scan of C1.
Lateral view of a C2 fracture dislocation.

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Author

Robert E Windsor, MD, FAAPMR, FAAEM, FAAPM President and Director, Georgia Pain Physicians, PC; Clinical Associate Professor, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Emory University School of Medicine

Robert E Windsor, MD, FAAPMR, FAAEM, FAAPM is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Pain Medicine, American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, American College of Sports Medicine, American Medical Association, International Association for the Study of Pain, Texas Medical Association

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Coauthor(s)

Ricardo A Nieves, MD, FAAPMR President, Colorado Spine, Pain and Sports Medicine, PC

Ricardo A Nieves, MD, FAAPMR is a member of the following medical societies: North American Spine Society, American Society of Interventional Pain Physicians, American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, American Association of Neuromuscular and Electrodiagnostic Medicine

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Kevin P Sullivan, MD Consulting Staff, The Boston Spine Group

Kevin P Sullivan, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, North American Spine Society, International Spine Intervention Society

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Erik D Hiester, DO Fellow in Interventional Pain Management, Georgia Pain Physicians, Emory University School of Medicine

Erik D Hiester, DO is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Family Physicians, American Medical Association, American Osteopathic Association, American Pain Society

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Specialty Editor Board

Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD Adjunct Assistant Professor, University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Pharmacy; Editor-in-Chief, Medscape Drug Reference

Disclosure: Received salary from Medscape for employment. for: Medscape.

Russell D White, MD Clinical Professor of Medicine, Clinical Professor of Orthopedic Surgery, Department of Community and Family Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Truman Medical Center-Lakewood

Russell D White, MD is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American Academy of Family Physicians, American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists, American College of Sports Medicine, American Diabetes Association, American Medical Society for Sports Medicine

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Chief Editor

Craig C Young, MD Professor, Departments of Orthopedic Surgery and Community and Family Medicine, Medical Director of Sports Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin

Craig C Young, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Family Physicians, American College of Sports Medicine, American Medical Society for Sports Medicine, Phi Beta Kappa

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Additional Contributors

Janos P Ertl, MD Assistant Professor, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine; Chief of Orthopedic Surgery, Wishard Hospital; Chief, Sports Medicine and Arthroscopy, Indiana University School of Medicine

Janos P Ertl, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, American Orthopaedic Association, Hungarian Medical Association of America, Sierra Sacramento Valley Medical Society

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Sections Cervical Discogenic Pain Syndrome
Overview
Presentation
DDx
Workup
Treatment
Medication
Follow-up
Media Gallery
References

Cervical Discogenic Pain Syndrome Medication

Medication Summary

Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs)

Class Summary

Celecoxib (Celebrex)

Celecoxib (Celebrex)

Ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil)

Ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil)

Cervical Discogenic Pain Syndrome Medication

Medication Summary

Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs)

Class Summary

Celecoxib (Celebrex)

Celecoxib (Celebrex)

Ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil)

Ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil)

References

Tables

Contributor Information and Disclosures

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