Labial Adhesions Questions & Answers

1. Gonzalez D, Anand S, Mendez MD. Labial Adhesions. Treasure Island, FL: StatPearls; 2021. [Full Text].

2. Gaudens DA, Moh-Ello N, Fiogbe M, Bandre E, Ossoh BM, Yaokreh JB, et al. [Labial fusion in the paediatric surgery department of Yopougon University hospital (Côte d'Ivoire): 108 cases]. Sante. 2008 Jan-Mar. 18 (1):35-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

3. Management of Acute Obstructive Uterovaginal Anomalies: ACOG Committee Opinion, Number 779. Obstet Gynecol. 2019 Jun. 133 (6):e363-e371. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

4. Bacon JL, Romano ME, Quint EH. Clinical Recommendation: Labial Adhesions. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2015 Oct. 28 (5):405-9. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

5. Leung AK, Robson WL, Tay-Uyboco J. The incidence of labial fusion in children. J Paediatr Child Health. 1993 Jun. 29 (3):235-6. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

6. Cağlar MK. Serum estradiol levels in infants with and without labial adhesions: the role of estrogen in the etiology and treatment. Pediatr Dermatol. 2007 Jul-Aug. 24 (4):373-5. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

7. McCann J, Voris J, Simon M. Labial adhesions and posterior fourchette injuries in childhood sexual abuse. Am J Dis Child. 1988 Jun. 142 (6):659-63. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

8. Muram D. Labial adhesions in sexually abused children. JAMA. 1988 Jan 15. 259 (3):352-3. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

9. Laih CY, Huang CP, Chou EC. Labial adhesion in a postmenopausal female: A case report. Medicine (Baltimore). 2020 Jun 26. 99 (26):e20803. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

10. Saberi N, Gholipour F. Extensive Labial Adhesion Causing Voiding Urinary Symptoms in a Postmenopausal Woman: A Case Report. Iran J Med Sci. 2020 Jan. 45 (1):73-75. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

11. Tebruegge M, Misra I, Nerminathan V. Is the topical application of oestrogen cream an effective intervention in girls suffering from labial adhesions?. Arch Dis Child. 2007 Mar. 92 (3):268-71. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

12. Soyer T. Topical estrogen therapy in labial adhesions in children: therapeutic or prophylactic?. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2007 Aug. 20 (4):241-4. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

13. Schober J, Dulabon L, Martin-Alguacil N, Kow LM, Pfaff D. Significance of topical estrogens to labial fusion and vaginal introital integrity. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2006 Oct. 19 (5):337-9. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

14. Wejde E, Ekmark AN, Stenström P. Treatment with oestrogen or manual separation for labial adhesions - initial outcome and long-term follow-up. BMC Pediatr. 2018 Mar 8. 18 (1):104. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

15. Leung AK, Robson WL. Labial fusion and asymptomatic bacteriuria. Eur J Pediatr. 1993 Mar. 152 (3):250-1. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

16. Pokorny SF. Prepubertal vulvovaginopathies. Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am. 1992 Mar. 19 (1):39-58. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

17. Dowlut-McElroy T, Higgins J, Williams KB, Strickland JL. Treatment of Prepubertal Labial Adhesions: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2019 Jun. 32 (3):259-263. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

18. Myers JB, Sorensen CM, Wisner BP, Furness PD 3rd, Passamaneck M, Koyle MA. Betamethasone cream for the treatment of pre-pubertal labial adhesions. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2006 Dec. 19 (6):407-11. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

19. Eroğlu E, Yip M, Oktar T, Kayiran SM, Mocan H. How should we treat prepubertal labial adhesions? Retrospective comparison of topical treatments: estrogen only, betamethasone only, and combination estrogen and betamethasone. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2011 Dec. 24 (6):389-91. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

20. Mayoglou L, Dulabon L, Martin-Alguacil N, Pfaff D, Schober J. Success of treatment modalities for labial fusion: a retrospective evaluation of topical and surgical treatments. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2009 Aug. 22 (4):247-50. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

21. Aghababian A, Mittal S, Eftekharzadeh S, Hamdan D, Weaver J, Godlewski K, et al. Office Based Pediatric Urologic Procedures: A safe and effective alternative to interventions under anesthesia. Urology. 2022 Apr 21. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

22. Morin JP, Tew CE, Puntney HL, Roser ML, Saltzman AF. Recurrence rates after surgical management of labial adhesions. J Pediatr Urol. 2021 Oct. 17 (5):705.e1-705.e5. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

23. Gibbon KL, Bewley AP, Salisbury JA. Labial fusion in children: a presenting feature of genital lichen sclerosus?. Pediatr Dermatol. 1999 Sep-Oct. 16 (5):388-91. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

Kenneth G Nepple, MD Assistant Professor, Department of Urology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics

Kenneth G Nepple, MD is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American Urological Association

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Christopher S Cooper, MD, FACS, FAAP Professor with Tenure and Vice Chair, Department of Urology, Tyrone D Artz Chair in Urology, Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Director of Pediatric Urology, Senior Associate Dean for Medical Education and Research Facility, Children's Hospital of Iowa, University of Iowa, Roy J and Lucille A Carver College of Medicine

Christopher S Cooper, MD, FACS, FAAP is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American Academy of Pediatrics, American College of Surgeons, American Medical Association, American Urological Association, International Children's Continence Society, Phi Beta Kappa, Societies for Pediatric Urology, Society for Fetal Urology

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Andrea L Zuckerman, MD Associate Professor of Obstetrics/Gynecology, Tufts University School of Medicine; Division Director, Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology, Tufts Medical Center

Andrea L Zuckerman, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, Massachusetts Medical Society, North American Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Madhu Alagiri, MD Director of Pediatric Urology, Associate Clinical Professor, Department of Surgery, University of California at San Diego

Madhu Alagiri, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Pediatrics and American Urological Association

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Elizabeth Alderman, MD Director of Fellowship Training Program, Director of Adolescent Ambulatory Service, Professor of Clinical Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Adolescent Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Children's Hospital at Montefiore

Elizabeth Alderman, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Pediatrics, American Pediatric Society, North American Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology, and Society for Adolescent Medicine

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Mary L Windle, PharmD Adjunct Associate Professor, University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Pharmacy; Editor-in-Chief, Medscape Drug Reference

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Wayne Wolfram, MD, MPH Professor, Department of Emergency Medicine, Mercy St Vincent Medical Center; Chairman, Pediatric Institutional Review Board, Mercy St Vincent Medical Center, Toledo, Ohio

Wayne Wolfram, MD, MPH, is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Emergency Medicine, American Academy of Pediatrics, and Society for Academic Emergency Medicine

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

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