Antithrombin III Deficiency Questions & Answers

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2. Yilmaz S, Gunaydin S. Inherited risk factors in low-risk venous thromboembolism in patients under 45 years. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg. 2015 Jan. 20 (1):21-3. [Medline].

3. Beauchamp NJ, Pike RN, Daly M, et al. Antithrombins Wibble and Wobble (T85M/K): archetypal conformational diseases with in vivo latent-transition, thrombosis, and heparin activation. Blood. 1998 Oct 15. 92(8):2696-706. [Medline].

4. Kuhle S, Lane DA, Jochmanns K, et al. Homozygous antithrombin deficiency type II (99 Leu to Phe mutation) and childhood thromboembolism. Thromb Haemost. 2001 Oct. 86(4):1007-11. [Medline].

5. Di Minno MN, Dentali F, Lupoli R, Ageno W. Mild antithrombin deficiency and risk of recurrent venous thromboembolism: a prospective cohort study. Circulation. 2014 Jan 28. 129 (4):497-503. [Medline].

6. Sokol J, Timp JF, le Cessie S, et al. Mild Antithrombin Deficiency and Risk of Recurrent Venous Thromboembolism: Results from the MEGA follow-up Study. J Thromb Haemost. 2018 Jan 28. [Medline].

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8. Undas A, Brummel K, Musial J, Mann KG, Szczeklik A. Blood coagulation at the site of microvascular injury: effects of low-dose aspirin. Blood. 2001 Oct 15. 98(8):2423-31. [Medline].

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10. Maclean PS, Tait RC. Hereditary and acquired antithrombin deficiency: epidemiology, pathogenesis and treatment options. Drugs. 2007. 67(10):1429-40. [Medline].

11. Lenz B, Samardzija M, Drenjancevic D, Zibar D, Samardzija M, Milostic-Srb A. The investigation of hereditary and acquired thrombophilia risk factors in the development of complications in pregnancy in Croatian women. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2016. 29 (2):264-9. [Medline].

12. Rheaume M, Weber F, Durand M, Mahone M. Pregnancy-Related Venous Thromboembolism Risk in Asymptomatic Women With Antithrombin Deficiency: A Systematic Review. Obstet Gynecol. 2016 Apr. 127 (4):649-56. [Medline].

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14. Mitchell L, Andrew M, Hanna K, et al. Trend to efficacy and safety using antithrombin concentrate in prevention of thrombosis in children receiving l-asparaginase for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Results of the PAARKA study. Thromb Haemost. 2003 Aug. 90(2):235-44. [Medline].

15. Vossen CY, Conard J, Fontcuberta J, et al. Risk of a first venous thrombotic event in carriers of a familial thrombophilic defect. The European Prospective Cohort on Thrombophilia (EPCOT). J Thromb Haemost. 2005 Mar. 3(3):459-64. [Medline].

16. Young G, Albisetti M, Bonduel M, et al. Impact of inherited thrombophilia on venous thromboembolism in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Circulation. 2008 Sep 23. 118(13):1373-82. [Medline].

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18. ATryn, Antithrombin (recombinant) [package insert]. GTC Biotherapeutics, inc. 2009. Available at [Full Text].

19. Bucur SZ, Levy JH, Despotis GJ, et al. Uses of antithrombin III concentrate in congenital and acquired deficiency states. Transfusion. 1998 May. 38(5):481-98. [Medline].

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21. de Galan-Roosen AE, Kuijpers JC, Rosendaal FR, Steegers EA, van Beers WA, Ponjee GA. Maternal and paternal thrombophilia: risk factors for perinatal mortality. BJOG. 2005 Mar. 112(3):306-11. [Medline].

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23. Fyfe A, Tait RC. Antithrombin-a for the prophylaxis of venous thrombosis in congenital antithrombin deficiency. Expert Rev Hematol. 2009 Oct. 2(5):499-507. [Medline].

24. Haire WD. Antithrombin III in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Semin Thromb Hemost. 1997. 23(6):591-601. [Medline].

25. Haire WD, Ruby EI, Stephens LC, et al. A prospective randomized double-blind trial of antithrombin III concentrate in the treatment of multiple-organ dysfunction syndrome during hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 1998. 4(3):142-50. [Medline].

26. Hayek S, Kenet G, Lubetsky A, et al. Does thrombophilia play an aetiological role in Legg-Calve-Perthes disease?. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1999 Jul. 81(4):686-90. [Medline].

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28. Kurnik K, Kosch A, Strater R, Schobess R, Heller C, Nowak-Gottl U. Recurrent thromboembolism in infants and children suffering from symptomatic neonatal arterial stroke: a prospective follow-up study. Stroke. 2003 Dec. 34(12):2887-92. [Medline].

29. Langlois NJ, Wells PS. Risk of venous thromboembolism in relatives of symptomatic probands with thrombophilia: a systematic review. Thromb Haemost. 2003 Jul. 90(1):17-26. [Medline].

30. Luxembourg B, Delev D, Geisen C, Spannagl M, Krause M, Miesbach W, et al. Molecular basis of antithrombin deficiency. Thromb Haemost. 2011 Apr. 105(4):635-46. [Medline].

31. Maclean PS, Tait RC. Hereditary and acquired antithrombin deficiency: epidemiology, pathogenesis and treatment options. Drugs. 2007. 67(10):1429-40. [Medline].

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34. Mitsuguro M, Sakata T, Okamoto A, et al. Usefulness of antithrombin deficiency phenotypes for risk assessment of venous thromboembolism: type I deficiency as a strong risk factor for venous thromboembolism. Int J Hematol. 2010 Oct. 92(3):468-73. [Medline].

35. Muszbek L, Bereczky Z, Kovacs B, Komaromi I. Antithrombin deficiency and its laboratory diagnosis. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2010 Dec. 48 Suppl 1:S67-78. [Medline].

36. Nagaraja D, Christopher R, Tripathi M. Plasma antithrombin III deficiency in ischaemic stroke in the young. Neurol India. 1999 Jun. 47(2):155-6. [Medline].

37. Ota K, Akizawa T, Hirasawa Y, et al. Effects of argatroban as an anticoagulant for haemodialysis in patients with antithrombin III deficiency. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2003 Aug. 18(8):1623-30. [Medline].

38. Pal N, Kertai MD, Lakshminarasimhachar A, Avidan MS. Pharmacology and clinical applications of human recombinant antithrombin. Expert Opin Biol Ther. 2010 Jul. 10(7):1155-68. [Medline].

39. Picard V, Nowak-Göttl U, Biron-Andreani C, Fouassier M, Frere C, Goualt-Heilman M. Molecular bases of antithrombin deficiency: twenty-two novel mutations in the antithrombin gene. Hum Mutat. 2006 Jun. 27(6):600. [Medline].

40. Schinzel H, Weilemann LS. Antithrombin substitution therapy. Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis. 1998 Nov. 9 Suppl 3:S17-21; discussion S21-2. [Medline].

James L Harper, MD Associate Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology/Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Associate Chairman for Education, Department of Pediatrics, University of Nebraska Medical Center; Associate Clinical Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Creighton University School of Medicine; Director, Continuing Medical Education, Children's Memorial Hospital; Pediatric Director, Nebraska Regional Hemophilia Treatment Center

James L Harper, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Society of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, American Federation for Clinical Research, Council on Medical Student Education in Pediatrics, Hemophilia and Thrombosis Research Society, American Academy of Pediatrics, American Association for Cancer Research, American Society of Hematology

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Mary L Windle, PharmD Adjunct Associate Professor, University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Pharmacy; Editor-in-Chief, Medscape Drug Reference

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Gary D Crouch, MD Associate Professor, Program Director of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Fellowship, Department of Pediatrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences

Gary D Crouch, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Pediatrics, American Society of Hematology

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Hassan M Yaish, MD Medical Director, Intermountain Hemophilia and Thrombophilia Treatment Center; Professor of Pediatrics, University of Utah School of Medicine; Director of Hematology, Pediatric Hematologist/Oncologist, Department of Pediatrics, Primary Children's Medical Center

Hassan M Yaish, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Pediatrics, New York Academy of Sciences, American Medical Association, American Society of Hematology, American Society of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Michigan State Medical Society

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Gary R Jones, MD Associate Medical Director, Clinical Development, Berlex Laboratories

Gary R Jones, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Pediatrics, American Society of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, and Western Society for Pediatric Research

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

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