Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn Questions & Answers

Updated: Dec 28, 2017
  • Author: Sameer Wagle, MBBS, MD; Chief Editor: Muhammad Aslam, MD  more...
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Questions & Answers

Overview

What is hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN)?

What is the role of genetics in the pathogenesis of hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN)?

What is the pathophysiology of hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN)?

What is the role of hemolysis in the pathophysiology of hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN)?

What causes hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN)?

What is the prevalence of hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN)?

What are the racial and sexual predilections of hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN)?

What is the prognosis of hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN)?

How does exchange transfusion affect the prognosis of hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN)?

Presentation

Which clinical history findings are characteristic of hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN)?

Which physical findings are characteristic of hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN)?

DDX

How is fetal/neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (FNAIT) differentiated from hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN)?

What are the differential diagnoses for Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn?

Workup

How is hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN) diagnosed?

What is the role of a CBC count in the workup of hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN)?

What conditions are commonly observed during and after exchange transfusion in hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN)?

What is the role of serologic testing in the workup of hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN)?

What is the role of carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) values in the workup of hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN)?

What is the role of imaging studies in the workup of hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN)?

Treatment

How is the initial treatment of hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN)?

What is the role of phototherapy in the treatment of hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN)?

What are the AAP guidelines on phototherapy for the treatment of hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN)?

When is phototherapy indicated in the treatment of hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN)?

What is the role of exchange transfusion in the treatment of hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN)?

What are guidelines for exchange transfusion in hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN)?

When is exchange transfusion indicated in the treatment of hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN)?

What is the role of IVIG in the treatment of hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN)?

How is maternal alloimmunization treated in hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN)?

What is the role of amniocentesis in the treatment of hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN)?

What is the role of MCA Doppler studies in the treatment of hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN)?

What is the role of intrauterine peritoneal transfusion (IPT) to the treatment of hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN)?

What is the role of direct intravascular transfusion (IVT) in the treatment of hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN)?

What is the role of recently washed maternal RBCs in the treatment of hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN)?

What are the algorithms for the management of fetus hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN) during pregnancy?

What is the efficacy of treatments for hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN) in the fetus?

How are sensitized neonates with hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN) treated?

How is ABO incompatibility treated in hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN)?

What are the major complications of hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN)?

What is the morbidity and mortality associated with bilirubin encephalopathy in hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN)?

What causes anemia in hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN)?

What are the potential complications of exchange transfusion in hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN)?

How is hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN) prevented?

Medications

Which medications in the drug class Competitive heme oxygenase inhibitor are used in the treatment of Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn?

Which medications in the drug class Colony-stimulating Factor are used in the treatment of Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn?

Which medications in the drug class Immunomodulators are used in the treatment of Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn?