Chronic Kidney Disease in Children Questions & Answers

Updated: Jul 21, 2020
  • Author: Sanjeev Gulati, MD, MBBS, DNB(Peds), DM, DNB(Neph), FIPN(Australia), FICN, FRCPC(Canada); Chief Editor: Craig B Langman, MD  more...
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Questions & Answers

Overview

What is the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children?

What are the signs and symptoms of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children?

How is chronic kidney disease (CKD) diagnosed in children?

How is chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children treated?

What is chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children?

How is chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children defined?

What causes chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children?

What is the US prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children?

What is the global prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children?

What are the sexual predilections of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children?

What is the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children based on age?

What are the racial predilections of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children?

What is the role of genetics in the etiology of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children?

What is the prognosis for of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children?

What is included in patient education about of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children?

Presentation

Which clinical history findings are characteristic of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children?

Which physical exam findings are characteristic of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children?

How is chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children staged?

DDX

Which symptoms may be early indications of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children?

What are the differential diagnoses for Chronic Kidney Disease in Children?

Workup

Which tests are performed in the diagnostic evaluation for chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children?

What is the role of CBC count and serum chemistry in the workup for chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children?

What is the role of urine studies in the workup for chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children?

What is the initial urine testing for chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children?

How is proteinuria calculated in the workup for chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children?

What is the role of biomarkers in the diagnosis of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children?

How is the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) calculated in the workup for chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children?

What is the role of plasma cystatin C concentration in the workup for chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children?

What is the role of ultrasonography in the workup for chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children?

What is the role of radionuclide studies in the workup for chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children?

What is the role of voiding cystourethrography in the workup for chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children?

What is the role of pyelography in the workup for chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children?

What is the role of a skeletal survey in the workup for chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children?

When is a renal biopsy indicated in the workup for chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children?

Which histologic findings are characteristic of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children?

Treatment

What is included in the evaluation and treatment of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children?

What are the common reversible causes of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children?

Which interventions are used to slow the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children?

Which specialist consultations are beneficial for children with chronic kidney disease (CKD)?

When is transfer to a pediatric nephrology unit indicted for the treatment of chronic kidney disease (CKD)?

How is anemia managed in children with chronic kidney disease (CKD)?

How are bone complications managed in children with chronic kidney disease (CKD)?

How are cardiovascular complications managed in children with chronic kidney disease (CKD)?

How are dyslipidemias managed in children with chronic kidney disease (CKD)?

How is hypertension managed in children with chronic kidney disease (CKD)?

How is metabolic acidosis managed in children with chronic kidney disease (CKD)?

How are growth complications managed in children with chronic kidney disease (CKD)?

What is the role of dietary modifications in the treatment of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children?

What are the energy requirements for children with chronic kidney disease (CKD)?

What are the protein requirements for children with chronic kidney disease (CKD)?

What are the phosphorus and calcium requirements for children with chronic kidney disease (CKD)?

What are the potassium requirements for children with chronic kidney disease (CKD)?

What are the sodium and fluid requirements for children with chronic kidney disease (CKD)?

What is the role of surgery in the treatment of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children?

What is included in the long-term monitoring of children with chronic kidney disease (CKD)?

Medications

Which medications are contraindicated for children with chronic kidney disease (CKD)?

Which medications in the drug class Calcimimetic Agent are used in the treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease in Children?

Which medications in the drug class Growth hormones are used in the treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease in Children?

Which medications in the drug class Vitamin D Analogues are used in the treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease in Children?

Which medications in the drug class Phosphate binders are used in the treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease in Children?

Which medications in the drug class Colony Stimulating Factors are used in the treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease in Children?

Which medications in the drug class Iron salts are used in the treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease in Children?