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Sections Pediatric Echinococcosis
- Overview
- Presentation
- DDx
- Workup
- Treatment
- Medication
- Follow-up
- References
Medication Summary
Albendazole is considered the drug of choice in echinococcosis, although better alternatives are required. [18] Praziquantel should not be used because the drug may aid alveolar hydatid growth.
Anthelmintics
Class Summary
Parasite biochemical pathways are sufficiently different from the human host to allow selective interference by chemotherapeutic agents administered in relatively small doses.
Albendazole (Albenza)
Decreases ATP production in tapeworms, causing energy depletion, immobilization, and death. To avoid inflammatory response in CNS, patient must be started on anticonvulsants and high-dose glucocorticoids. Administer with food to increase absorption.
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Schneider R, Gollackner B, Schindl M, Tucek G, Auer H. Echinococcus canadensis G7 (pig strain): an underestimated cause of Cystic Echinococcosis in Austria. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2010 May. 82(5):871-4. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].
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Kern P. Clinical features and treatment of alveolar echinococcosis. Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2010 Oct. 23(5):505-12. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
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Schneider R, Aspock H, Auer H. Unexpected increase of alveolar echinococcosis, Austria, 2012. Emerg Infect Dis. March 2013. 19(3):475-477.
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Capan M, Keltner S, Thalhammer F, Winkler S, Jäger W, Zeitlinger M. Intra-cystic drug concentration of albendazole sulphoxide in patients with Echinococcus granulosus cysts. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2009 Oct. 81(4):712-3. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
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Craig PS, McManus DP, Lightowlers MW, et al. Prevention and control of cystic echinococcosis. Lancet Infect Dis. 2007 Jun. 7(6):385-94. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
D'Alessandro A, Rausch RL. New aspects of neotropical polycystic (Echinococcus vogeli) and unicystic (Echinococcus oligarthrus) echinococcosis. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2008 Apr. 21(2):380-401, table of contents. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
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Elmali M, Ceyhan M, Ilgar M, Koprulu C, Ozfindik M, Sancak R. Hepatic hydatid cyst rupture and anaphylaxis after a fall. Indian J Pediatr. 2009 Mar. 76(3):329-30. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
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Guzel A, Tatli M, Maciaczyk J, Altinors N. Primary cerebral intraventricular hydatid cyst: a case report and review of the literature. J Child Neurol. 2008 May. 23(5):585-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
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Ibrahim BB, Haridy FM, Hegazi MM, Morsy TA. Human hydatidosis granulosus in greater Cairo, Egypt: with general review. J Egypt Soc Parasitol. 2007 Aug. 37(2):681-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
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Diagram of the Echinococcus life cycle, provided by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Tables
Germaine L Defendi, MD, MS, FAAP Associate Clinical Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Olive View-UCLA Medical Center
Germaine L Defendi, MD, MS, FAAP is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Pediatrics
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.
Mary L Windle, PharmD Adjunct Associate Professor, University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Pharmacy; Editor-in-Chief, Medscape Drug Reference
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.
Russell W Steele, MD Clinical Professor, Tulane University School of Medicine; Staff Physician, Ochsner Clinic Foundation
Russell W Steele, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Pediatrics, American Association of Immunologists, American Pediatric Society, American Society for Microbiology, Infectious Diseases Society of America, Louisiana State Medical Society, Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society, Society for Pediatric Research, Southern Medical Association
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.
Michael D Nissen, MBBS FRACP, FRCPA, Associate Professor in Biomolecular, Biomedical Science & Health, Griffith University; Director of Infectious Diseases and Unit Head of Queensland Paediatric Infectious Laboratory, Sir Albert Sakzewski Viral Research Centre, Royal Children's Hospital
Michael D Nissen, MBBS is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Pediatrics, Royal College of Pathologists of Australasia, Royal Australasian College of Physicians, American Society for Microbiology, Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.
What would you like to print?
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Sections Pediatric Echinococcosis
- Overview
- Presentation
- DDx
- Workup
- Treatment
- Medication
- Follow-up
- References
